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Finally, someone found a clean way to do three-column fluid layout with XHTML and CSS. This solves just about every three-column layout problem I've ever had. It fixes the visual elements, keeping the footer at the bottom of the page no matter which column is the tallest, and resizing without the elements running into each other.

The visual side of this has been done before – especially with tables! – but what is most important about this version is that is using clean XHTML, with no extra non-semantic markup needed, though one div tag can be added for increased browser compatibility. What's more, it allows a good struture: when it's unstyled, it displays the heading and content before the navigation. This makes things easier for people with screen readers and older browsers.

The CSS is pretty clean too, although it's still unbelievable how unintuitive this is with CSS. It's frustrating that there isn't a simple style to position elements relative to the page, or a way to specify the total width of an element like IE6 mis-interpreted the CSS box model. The former would be invaluable for placing fixed-width columns and fixed-height footers, and the latter would make setting percentage withs a lot easier, especially with the unintuitive (though useful) way that margins collapse into each other. Some kind of basic variable substitution with simple arithmetic would be nice too.

Update: Matthew Levine, the author of this technique, kindly helped me with a couple of problems. There's a Mozilla bug that breaks the equal height columns when anchor tags are used, but this feature can be disabled – though this limits the design. The second issue was that self-closing anchor tags break Konqueror's DOM and cause it to move boxes around strangely. It's also worth reading about the One True Layout, on which Matthew's layout was based.